LoRa ni ikiWAN?

LoRaWAN ni umuyoboro muke muto (LPWAN) ibisobanuro byakozwe kubikoresho bidafite umugozi, bikoresha bateri. LoRa yamaze koherezwa muri miliyoni za sensor, nkuko LoRa-Alliance ibivuga. Bimwe mubice byingenzi bigize urufatiro rwibisobanuro ni itumanaho ryibice bibiri, itumanaho hamwe na serivisi zaho.

Agace kamwe aho LoRaWAN itandukanye nizindi miyoboro yerekana ni uko ikoresha inyenyeri yubatswe, hamwe nu murongo wo hagati uhuza izindi node zose kandi amarembo akora nkikiraro kibonerana cyerekana ubutumwa hagati yibikoresho byanyuma na seriveri nkuru ya seriveri inyuma. Irembo ryahujwe numuyoboro wa seriveri ukoresheje IP isanzwe ihuza mugihe ibikoresho byanyuma bikoresha itumanaho rya simusiga imwe cyangwa amarembo menshi. Itumanaho rya nyuma-itumanaho ni bi-cyerekezo, kandi rishyigikira multicast, ituma porogaramu izamura ikirere. Nk’uko LoRa-Alliance, umuryango udaharanira inyungu washyizeho ibisobanuro bya LoRaWAN, ibi bifasha kubungabunga ubuzima bwa bateri no kugera ku ntera ndende.

Irembo rimwe ryemewe na LoRa cyangwa sitasiyo fatizo irashobora gukwirakwiza imijyi yose cyangwa kilometero kare. Birumvikana ko intera iterwa nibidukikije byahantu runaka, ariko LoRa na LoRaWAN bavuga ko bafite ingengo yimari ihuza, ikintu cyambere muguhitamo itumanaho, kuruta ubundi buhanga bwitumanaho busanzwe.

Amasomo yanyuma

LoRaWAN ifite ibyiciro byinshi bitandukanye byibikoresho-byanyuma kugirango bikemure ibikenewe bitandukanye bigaragarira muburyo bugari bwa porogaramu. Nk’uko urubuga rwayo rubitangaza, muri byo harimo:

• Ibikoresho-byerekezo byanyuma-ibikoresho (Urwego A). Ikibanza cyohereza cyateganijwe nigikoresho cyanyuma gishingiye ku itumanaho ryacyo bwite gikeneye itandukaniro rito rishingiye ku gihe cyagenwe (ALOHA-ubwoko bwa protocole). Iki cyiciro A imikorere nubushobozi buke bwo kurangiza-ibikoresho bya sisitemu isaba gusa itumanaho ryitumanaho riva kuri seriveri nyuma yigihe gito-igikoresho cyohereje itumanaho. Kumanura itumanaho riva kuri seriveri ikindi gihe icyo ari cyo cyose bizagomba gutegereza kugeza igihe bizakurikiraho.
• Bi-icyerekezo cyanyuma-ibikoresho byateganijwe kwakira ibibanza (Urwego B): Usibye Urwego A rudasanzwe rwakira Windows, ibikoresho B byo mu cyiciro B bifungura byongeye kwakira Windows mugihe cyagenwe. Kugirango End-igikoresho ifungure idirishya ryayo mugihe cyateganijwe yakira igihe cyo guhuza Beacon kuva kumarembo. Ibi bituma seriveri imenya igihe igikoresho-cyanyuma cyumva.
• Bi-icyerekezo cyanyuma-ibikoresho hamwe nibisanzwe byakira ibibanza (Urwego C): Ibikoresho byanyuma byo mucyiciro C byafunguye hafi yakira windows, bifunga gusa iyo byohereza.